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How Scientific Consensus Actually Forms
Philosophy of Science

How Scientific Consensus Actually Forms

Scientific agreement isn't discovered in nature—it's built through social processes that are both rigorous and deeply human.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
Why Scientific Controversies Never End Cleanly
Philosophy of Science

Why Scientific Controversies Never End Cleanly

Scientific disputes end through social processes, not decisive experiments—and understanding this strengthens rather than undermines science.

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TheoryBuilder
4 min read
Why Replication Crises Are Inevitable
Philosophy of Science

Why Replication Crises Are Inevitable

Replication failures reveal normal features of knowledge production, not exceptional breakdowns in scientific integrity.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
How Funding Shapes What We Know
Philosophy of Science

How Funding Shapes What We Know

Research funding doesn't just determine which questions get asked—it shapes which answers become thinkable.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
Why Scientific Revolutions Require Outsiders to Succeed
Philosophy of Science

Why Scientific Revolutions Require Outsiders to Succeed

How disciplinary training creates the blind spots that only boundary-crossers can illuminate

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TheoryBuilder
4 min read
The Hidden Politics of Peer Review
Philosophy of Science

The Hidden Politics of Peer Review

How power, networks, and institutional practices shape what science accepts as knowledge

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
How Laboratories Construct Nature
Philosophy of Science

How Laboratories Construct Nature

Understanding how laboratories don't just discover facts but actively construct the conditions that make scientific knowledge possible.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
Why Scientists Must Ignore Most Evidence
Philosophy of Science

Why Scientists Must Ignore Most Evidence

How paradigms enable scientific progress by directing attention toward solvable problems while necessarily rendering most observations invisible or insignificant

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
How Scientific Instruments Think for Us
Philosophy of Science

How Scientific Instruments Think for Us

Why the tools of science are not neutral observers but active collaborators in creating knowledge

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
The Social Life of Scientific Facts
Philosophy of Science

The Social Life of Scientific Facts

How scientific claims transform from laboratory controversies into textbook certainties through social processes that create genuine reliability.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
The Gender of Science
Philosophy of Science

The Gender of Science

Examining how masculine values became embedded in scientific methods and institutions—and how diverse perspectives create more comprehensive knowledge.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
How Citations Create Scientific Reality
Philosophy of Science

How Citations Create Scientific Reality

Why the papers science remembers reveal as much about social networks as intellectual breakthroughs

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TheoryBuilder
6 min read
Why Scientific Objectivity Requires Social Organization
Philosophy of Science

Why Scientific Objectivity Requires Social Organization

Objectivity emerges not from unbiased individuals but from communities structured to catch each other's errors—making institutional design central to reliable knowledge.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
The Invention of Scientific Method
Philosophy of Science

The Invention of Scientific Method

Why the textbook version of how science works obscures the sophisticated diversity of actual scientific practice—and why that matters.

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TheoryBuilder
5 min read
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